Jim and Eleanor~
Paul is very definitely claiming that law existed before God gave the Law to Moses. That is the point (Rom 2:14-15). That is Paul's argument.
Red, why do you allow yourself to set the NT word of God and Paul against themselves in Ro 5:12-14?.......So on what authority do you maintain that, contrary to Ro 5:12-14, there was law post-Eden between Adam and Moses, just as there was in Eden?So, here both Jim and Eleanor accused me of not faithfully considering all of God's word, to which I say I'm convinced that I have, and I know our disagreements lays at the door of both of Jim and Eleanor.
This will take a three posts I think~ Part one ( Jim is having an open heart surgery today please remember him....he's 84 and seemly of a very sound mind and good health overall. )
First to Jim~Jim, I know well Romans 2:14,15 and considered those scriptures when I was posting. My main purpose when posting was to show the doctrine of imputation of Adam's sin to his posterity just as I said:
"But Paul’s argument is not to establish any laws before Moses
other than that given to Adam, for
he is proving representation and imputation......" Before Moses"...meaning.....post-Eden between Adam and Moses.
Now concerning Romans 2:14,15~let us go back to verse 12.
Verse 12~For as many as have sinned without law shall also perish without law: and as many as have sinned in (or under) law shall be judged by the law.
Here Paul explains the equality of the judgment, both with respect to the Gentiles and the Jews.
Without law, that is,
a written law; for
none are without law,
as the Apostle immediately afterwards shows. The Gentiles had not received the written law; they had, however, sinned, and they shall perish ~ that is to say, be condemned ~ without that law. The Jews had received the written law; they had also sinned, they will be judged ~ that is to say condemned ~ by that law; for in the next verse Paul declares that only the
doers of the law shall be justified; and consequently, as condemnation stands opposed to justification, they who are not doers of it will be condemned. In one word, the Divine justice will only regard the sins of men; and wherever these are found, it will condemn the sinner. The Gentiles shall perish without law. They will perish, though they are not to be judged by the written law. It is alleged by some, that although the Apostle’s language shows that all the Gentiles are guilty before God, yet it does not imply that they will be condemned; for that they may he guilty, yet be saved by mercy through Jesus Christ. But the language of the Apostle entirely precludes the possibility of such a supposition. It is not said that they who have sinned without law are guilty without law, but that they shall
‘perish without law.’ The language, then, does not merely assert their guilt, but clearly asserts their condemnation. They shall
perish.
No criticism can make this expression consistent with the salvation of the Gentiles who know not God.
They will be condemned by the work of the law written in their hearts. Many are inclined to think that the condemnation of the heathen is peculiarly hard; but it is equally just, and not more severe, than the punishment of those who have sinned against revelation. They will not be Judged by the light which they had not, nor punished so severely as they who resisted that light.
Verse 13~For not the hearers of the law are just before God, but the doers of the law shall be justified.
For not the hearers of the law~It will be in vain, therefore, for the Jew to say, I am a hearer of the law, I attend on its services, I belong to the covenant of God, who has given me His testimonies. On all these accounts, being a transgressor, as he is, he must be condemned. The presence of the article before the word law in both the clauses of this verse, which is wanting in the preceding verse, shows that the reference is here to the Jews under the written law.
The doers of the law shall be justified ~ By this we must understand an exact obedience to the law to be intended, which can defend itself against that declaration, ‘Cursed is every one that continueth not in all things which are written in the book of the law to do them.’ For it is not the same with the judgment of the law as with that of grace. The Gospel indeed requires of us a perfect obedience to its commands, yet it not only provides for believers’ pardon of the sins committed before their calling, but of those also which they afterwards commit. But the judgment of the law admits of no indulgence to those who are under it; it demands a full and perfect personal observance of all its requirements — a patient continuance in well-doing,
without the least deviation, or the smallest speck of sin; and when it does not find this state of perfection, condemns the man. But did not the law itself contain expiations for sin? and consequently, shall not the judgment which will be passed according to the law, be accompanied with grace and indulgence through the benefit of these expiations? The legal expiations had no virtue in themselves; but inasmuch as they were figures of the expiation made by Jesus Christ, they directed men to His sacrifice. But as they belonged to the temporal or carnal covenant, they neither expiated nor could expiate any but typical sins, that is to say, uncleanness of the flesh, Hebrews 9:13, which were not real sins, but only external pollutions. Thus, as far as regarded the legal sacrifices, all rea
l sins remained on the conscience, Hebrews 10:1, for from these the law did not in the smallest degree discharge; whence it follows that the judgment, according to the law, to those who are under it, will be a strict judgment according to law, which pardons nothing. The word
justified occurs here for the first time in this Epistle, and being introduced in connection with the general judgment, means being declared just or righteous by a judicial sentence.
Verse 14~For when the gentiles, which have not a law, do by nature the things contained in the law, these, having not a law, are a law unto themselves.
For~this verse has no connection with, or dependence whatever on, the foregoing, as is generally supposed, but connects with the first clause of verse 12, which it explains.
Together with the following verse, it supplies the answer to the objection that might be made to what is contained in the beginning of that verse, namely, that God cannot justly condemn the Gentiles, since He has not given them a law. To this the Apostle here replies, that though they have not an external and written law, as that which God gave to the Israelites,
they have, however, the law of the conscience, which is sufficient to establish the justice of their condemnation. This is the meaning of that proposition,
having not a law, are a law unto themselves; and of that other,
which show the work of the law written in their hearts; by which he also establishes the justice of what he had said in the 12th verse, that
as many as have sinned without law shall also perish without law. He proves it in two ways: 1st, Because they do naturally the things that the law requires, which shows that they have a law in themselves, since they sometimes act according to its rule; 2nd, He proves it by their not being devoid of a conscience, since, according to its decisions, they accuse or excuse one another.
This evidently shows that they have a law, the work of which is written in their hearts, by which they discern the difference between right and wrong — what is just, and what is unjust. How else can unrighteous men be good judges, law makers, etc.?
They who
have not a law, — that is, an externally written law, —
do by nature the things contained in the law. It could not be the Apostle’s intention to assert that the heathens in general, or that any one of them, kept the law written in the heart, when the contrary had been proved in the preceding chapter; but they
did certain things, though imperfectly, commanded by the law, which proved that they had, by their
original constitution, a discernment of the difference between right and wrong.
They did nothing, however, in the
manner which the law required, that is, from the only motive that makes an action good, namely, a spirit of obedience, and of love to God. God governs the world in this way. He rules the actions of men and beasts
by the instincts and affections which He has implanted in them. Every good action that men perform by nature, they
do by their constitution, not from respect to the authority of God.
That the Pagans do many things that, as to the outward act, are
agreeable to the law of God, is obviously true, and should not be denied.
That they do anything acceptable to God is not true, and is not here asserted.