Question,
Do those under grace have a duty to keep the Ten Commandments?
Why or why not?
9 of the 10 Commandments from the Decalogue are still to be obeyed by the Christian, because these 9 are repeated in the New Covenant. The 4th Commandment is
not repeated in the New Covenant so it does not have to be obeyed.
1st Commandment
Old Covenant: Thou shalt have no other gods before Me. (Exodus 20:3)
New Covenant: Who changed the truth of God into a lie, and worshiped and served the creature rather than the Creator, who is blessed forever. Amen. (Romans 1:25)
2nd Commandment
Old Covenant: 4 Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth.
5 Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the Lord thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate Me;
6 And showing mercy unto thousands of them that love Me, and keep My commandments. (Exodus 20:4-6)
New Covenant: Little children, keep yourselves from idols. (1 John 5:21)
3rd Commandment
Old Covenant: Thou shalt not take the Name of the Lord thy God in vain; for the Lord will not hold him guiltless that taketh His Name in vain. (Exodus 20:7)
New Covenant: Let as many slaves as are under the yoke count their own masters worthy of all honor, that the Name of God and
His doctrine be not blasphemed. (1 Timothy 6:1)
4th Commandment
Old Covenant: 8 Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy.
9 Six days shalt thou labor, and do all thy work:
10 But the seventh day is the Sabbath of the Lord thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates:
11 For in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day, and hallowed it. (Exodus 20:8-11)
New Covenant:
N/A
5th Commandment
Old Covenant: Honor thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be long upon the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee. (Exodus 20:12)
New Covenant: Honor thy father and mother; which is the first commandment with a promise. (Ephesians 6:2)
6th Commandment
Old Covenant: Thou shalt not murder. (Exodus 20:13)
New Covenant: Thou shalt not murder. (Romans 13:9)
7th Commandment
Old Covenant: Thou shalt not commit adultery. (Exodus 20:14)
New Covenant: Thou shalt not commit adultery. (Romans 13:9)
8th Commandment
Old Covenant: Thou shalt not steal. (Exodus 20:15)
New Covenant: Thou shalt not steal. (Romans 13:9)
9th Commandment
Old Covenant: Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor. (Exodus 20:16)
New Covenant: Lie not one to another, seeing that ye have put off the old man with his deeds. (Colossians 3:9)
10th Commandment
Old Covenant: Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his donkey, nor anything that is thy neighbor's. (Exodus 20:17)
New Covenant: Thou shalt not covet. (Romans 13:9)