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The two covenants are not the same type of covenant and were not serving the same purpose. The first is a step in redemption that reveals God to humanity in ways that nature cannot. It establishes law that reflects his moral character and his governance and power. This law becomes the standard by which the Redeemer must be perfectly righteous so that he qualifies as a substitute, ransom, and propitiation for those he came to redeem.so if you don't get circumcised God said you were still in the covenant doesn't seem likely to me then it is more than just a sign it is the terms of the covenant wouldn't it be? How can it be a sign if you refuse to do what you were told
The second is the Redeemer redeeming. There are no Jew and Gentile, male and female in the New Covenant. All are equal. There are no works that must be kept in order for God to be their God as in the Old.
Circumcision in the Old did not redeem one single person. It did not forgive sin. It was a sign of covenant membership.
Baptism in the New Covenant does not remove one single sin. It is the work of Christ applied to a person by the Holy Spirit, by grace and through faith, that remits sin. Baptism is the covenant expression of that faith and union. It is a visible, acted out, confession of faith and union with Christ. It is the faith and union with Christ that remits sin.
Baptism is commanded because:
- Jesus commanded it as an ordinance of his church.
- Baptism does not replace circumcision in a one-to-one fleshly sense. It fulfills its covenantal function, marking those who belong to God's visible people.
- Public
- Initiatory
- Once-for-all
- Death with Christ
- Burial with Christ
- Resurrection with Christ.
