Modern day tainted education? Your private opinion of "actual scripture" trumps a long list of PROTESTANT scholars and reference manuals using "actual scripture"?? That makes no sense. The only authority you accept is your own, a biproduct of "sola scriptura", an unworkable, unhistorical self defeating man made tradition invented by Martin Luther, who was mentally ill and angry with the Pope. If you want to defend "Bible alone" theology, (which has no defense), start another thread. The topic is Peter the Rock, not your 'infallible' opinions that rules out scholarship.
"actual scripture" clearly indicates Peter as leader of the Apostles. Once that is established, using "actual scripture", then Peter as leader of the Universal Church naturally follows.
Matt. 17:24-25 – the tax collector approaches Peter for Jesus’ tax. Peter is the spokesman for Jesus. He is the Vicar of Christ.
No. It just so happened that way. They had come across Peter first. It could have been any of His disciples. Look at what had actually happened.
Matthew 17:24 And when they were come to Capernaum, they that received tribute money came to Peter, and said, Doth not your master pay tribute? 25 He saith, Yes. And when he was come into the house,
Jesus prevented him, saying, What thinkest thou, Simon? of whom do the kings of the earth take custom or tribute? of their own children, or of strangers? 26 Peter saith unto him, Of strangers. Jesus saith unto him, Then are the children free. 27 Notwithstanding, lest we should offend them, go thou to the sea, and cast an hook, and take up the fish that first cometh up; and when thou hast opened his mouth, thou shalt find a piece of money: that take, and give unto them for me and thee.
They did not address Peter as if by some title for why they were coming to him for. And when Peter took them to Jesus, Jesus prevented Peter by asking him a question. So was this something Peter always had done? Wasa he really in authority for the tax collectors to be approaching him for? Not by the way Jesus responded to him about.
If Peter was the leader of the apostles, would you think Paul would follow peter's example rather than stand up to him to his ace for sepaating himself from the Gentiles when the Jews that believe in Jesus Christ had come?
Galatians 2:7
But contrariwise, when they saw that the gospel of the uncircumcision was committed unto me, as the gospel of the circumcision was unto Peter; 8 (For he that wrought effectually in Peter to the apostleship of the circumcision, the same was mighty in me toward the Gentiles 9 And when James, Cephas, and John, who seemed to be pillars, perceived the grace that was given unto me, they gave to me and Barnabas the right hands of fellowship; that we should go unto the heathen, and they unto the circumcision. 10 Only they would that we should remember the poor; the same which I also was forward to do.
11 But when Peter was come to Antioch, I withstood him to the face, because he was to be blamed. 12 For before that certain came from James, he did eat with the Gentiles: but when they were come, he withdrew and separated himself, fearing them which were of the circumcision. 13 And the other Jews dissembled likewise with him; insomuch that Barnabas also was carried away with their dissimulation.
14 But when I saw that they walked not uprightly according to the truth of the gospel, I said unto Peter before them all, If thou, being a Jew, livest after the manner of Gentiles, and not as do the Jews, why compellest thou the Gentiles to live as do the Jews?
So I do not see Peter as the leader of the apostles as much as you had tried with that list of scriptural references "inferring" such a thing as I am sure the Catholic Church liked to read that teaching of theirs into the text for apostolic succession.
The thing you should consider is that both Peter & Paul were executed in Rome. You have to wonder how the church ever got built in Rome unless they had to do some compromises to avoid persecution & death about Jesus Christ being the only way to God for salvation.
The first Pope Clement has written a letter to the Corinthians churches to shame them for refusing to give a portion of their bounty to his collectors from Rome. He gave a lot of scripture and it is hard to see what he was trying to do but he did accuse them of envy & jealousy for why the churches were refusing to give a portion from the bounty to his collectors from Rome.
The only reason they are pushing for that title as the Vicar of Christ is to rule over other churches out of covetousness. And so you have to wonder about all the practices within the RCC as if created to make believers slaves to the system in keeping them coming to fleece from.
So if you really believe Peter is the Head of the Church and not Christ Jesus still, then heed Peters words rather than the RCC. If you believe Peter is the one that builds His church, then was he negligent? Why is there only two epistles from Peter? Why is none of the other epistles regard Peter as the head of the church or even address him as the leader of the apostles and yet we have scriptures explaining why he is not.
1 Corinthians 11:3
But I would have you know, that the head of every man is Christ; and the head of the woman is the man; and the head of Christ is God.
Ephesians 4:15But speaking the truth in love, may grow up into him in all things, which is
the head, even Christ:
Ephesians 5:23For the husband is the head of the wife,
even as Christ is the head of the church: and he is the saviour of the body.
A Vicar is a bishop of a church and yet we have no such epistle designating a church in any area as founded by Peter.
And yet Peter was driven by the Lord to be a minister to the Jews in reaching them with the gospel of Jesus Christ.
Looks to me that the RCC wrested the scriptures to make Peter look like the head of the church at Rome when Peter never was.
Paul was the one that founded the church at Rome, being the minister to the Gentiles. Check with the Book of Romans.