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What is the "abomination of desolation"?

Hobie

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We see this verse in Daniel 9:27 (KJV)

"27 And he shall confirm the covenant with many for one week: and in the midst of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease, and for the overspreading of abominations he shall make it desolate, even until the consummation, and that determined shall be poured upon the desolate."

Christ refers to it in Matthew 24:15(KJV)

"15 When ye therefore shall see the abomination of desolation, spoken of by Daniel the prophet, stand in the holy place, (whoso readeth, let him understand:"

The Jewish Rabbis have pushed the view that it was when in 167 B.C. a Greek ruler by the name of Antiochus Epiphanies set up an altar to Zeus over the altar of burnt offerings in the Jewish temple in Jerusalem. He also sacrificed a pig on the altar in the Temple in Jerusalem.

But it doesn't fit, as Jesus declared it looking forward in time, so was it the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 AD. And will it be a event on the sacred ground of Jerusalem into what is truly an “abomination.” So what is the abomination of desolation.
 
Lets start with Matthew 24..

"15 When ye therefore shall see the abomination of desolation, spoken of by Daniel the prophet, stand in the holy place, (whoso readeth, let him understand:16 Then let them which be in Judaea flee into the mountains:17 Let him which is on the housetop not come down to take any thing out of his house:18 Neither let him which is in the field return back to take his clothes.19 And woe unto them that are with child, and to them that give suck in those days!20 But pray ye that your flight be not in the winter, neither on the sabbath day:21 For then shall be great tribulation, such as was not since the beginning of the world to this time, no, nor ever shall be" (Matthew 24: 15-21).

When Jesus put the words “when you see the ‘abomination of desolation’” with “flee to the mountains,” he speaks of a coming terrible event, and we see it when Jerusalem is taken by the Romans in AD 70. But Jesus was also speaking of the time of the end, as there were two questions. The disciples actually asked a question pertaining to the temple and also to the end times. Notice..

Question 1:...“When will these things be, Question 2:... and what will be the sign of your coming and of the close of the age?” (Matthew 24:3).

So there are two fulfillments of the "abomination of desolation", the first was the literal siege of Jerusalem which began in 68 A.D. and the armies of Rome temporarily abandoned that siege, signaling Christians to flee the city. When the armies of Rome returned in 70 A.D., the temple was burned and Jerusalem destroyed, but the Christians had fled so none of them perished in the second Roman siege. This was the desolation referred to in Luke 21:20-21..
"20 And when ye shall see Jerusalem compassed with armies, then know that the desolation thereof is nigh.
21Then let them which are in Judaea flee to the mountains; and let them which are in the midst of it depart out; and let not them that are in the countries enter thereinto."(Luke 21:20-21).

It was the "type" or initial fulfillment. The second or "antitype" fulfillment which Christ also speaks to, is the answer to the question asked by the disciples with regard to the second coming at the end time. So what is the end time fulfillment, its much like the one in 70 AD, a desecration of what God makes sacred and holy.
 
There is something that is sacred and holy and if what is common and of another origin is forced upon Gods people by the Antichrist power, we shall see the fulfillment of the "abomination of desolation" of the end time

Genesis 2:1-3
Thus the heavens and the earth were finished, and all the host of them.
2 And on the seventh day God ended his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.
3 And God blessed the seventh day, and sanctified it: because that in it he had rested from all his work which God created and made.

Christ shows us what is meant by the prophecy of the end time in Daniel 11:31

Daniel 11:31
And arms shall stand on his part, and they shall pollute the sanctuary of strength, and shall take away the daily sacrifice, and they shall place the abomination that maketh desolate.
 
Christ told the Jews back then that by turning aside from the sacred matters God had given them they were leading to what would leave them desolate. This shows its tied to His law which is central to worship and the relationship between God and His people, then the detestable introduction of abomination would leave them desolate.

Matthew 23:23-38
23 Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye pay tithe of mint and anise and cummin, and have omitted the weightier matters of the law, judgment, mercy, and faith: these ought ye to have done, and not to leave the other undone.
24 Ye blind guides, which strain at a gnat, and swallow a camel.
25 Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye make clean the outside of the cup and of the platter, but within they are full of extortion and excess.
26 Thou blind Pharisee, cleanse first that which is within the cup and platter, that the outside of them may be clean also.
27 Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye are like unto whited sepulchres, which indeed appear beautiful outward, but are within full of dead men's bones, and of all uncleanness.
28 Even so ye also outwardly appear righteous unto men, but within ye are full of hypocrisy and iniquity.
29 Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! because ye build the tombs of the prophets, and garnish the sepulchres of the righteous,
30 And say, If we had been in the days of our fathers, we would not have been partakers with them in the blood of the prophets.
31 Wherefore ye be witnesses unto yourselves, that ye are the children of them which killed the prophets.
32 Fill ye up then the measure of your fathers.
33 Ye serpents, ye generation of vipers, how can ye escape the damnation of hell?
34 Wherefore, behold, I send unto you prophets, and wise men, and scribes: and some of them ye shall kill and crucify; and some of them shall ye scourge in your synagogues, and persecute them from city to city:
35 That upon you may come all the righteous blood shed upon the earth, from the blood of righteous Abel unto the blood of Zacharias son of Barachias, whom ye slew between the temple and the altar.
36 Verily I say unto you, All these things shall come upon this generation.
37 O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, thou that killest the prophets, and stonest them which are sent unto thee, how often would I have gathered thy children together, even as a hen gathereth her chickens under her wings, and ye would not!
38 Behold, your house is left unto you desolate.

Jesus warned of what was to come in His rebukes to the religious leaders, because they had persistently led the people away from God to the point of rejecting God. He told them of this coming judgment when He says “Behold, your house is left unto you desolate.”
 
We see this verse in Daniel 9:27 (KJV)

"27 And he shall confirm the covenant with many for one week: and in the midst of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease, and for the overspreading of abominations he shall make it desolate, even until the consummation, and that determined shall be poured upon the desolate."

Christ refers to it in Matthew 24:15(KJV)

"15 When ye therefore shall see the abomination of desolation, spoken of by Daniel the prophet, stand in the holy place, (whoso readeth, let him understand:"

The Jewish Rabbis have pushed the view that it was when in 167 B.C. a Greek ruler by the name of Antiochus Epiphanies set up an altar to Zeus over the altar of burnt offerings in the Jewish temple in Jerusalem. He also sacrificed a pig on the altar in the Temple in Jerusalem.

But it doesn't fit, as Jesus declared it looking forward in time, so was it the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 AD. And will it be a event on the sacred ground of Jerusalem into what is truly an “abomination.” So what is the abomination of desolation.


In Dan 8 it is originally a 'rebellion that desolates' in v13. Later in that chapter, it is a person, and the person is superlatively evil. In ch 9 that person (from 8) is influencing the city in 490 years from the decree to return and ruins the city and temple. Messiah also comes at the same time and accomplishes redemption for the people of God.

In the Thess. letters, Paul is reminding them that he would come but that God would be victorious over him.

The fact that Jesus references ch 9 in Mt 24 etc is the best proof that the Mt 24A material is about that critical generation of Israel.
 
In Dan 8 it is originally a 'rebellion that desolates' in v13. Later in that chapter, it is a person, and the person is superlatively evil. In ch 9 that person (from 8) is influencing the city in 490 years from the decree to return and ruins the city and temple. Messiah also comes at the same time and accomplishes redemption for the people of God.

In the Thess. letters, Paul is reminding them that he would come but that God would be victorious over him.

The fact that Jesus references ch 9 in Mt 24 etc is the best proof that the Mt 24A material is about that critical generation of Israel.

This also helps us see why Caiaphas etc would try to protect Israel by getting rid of a rebel—as Jesus was accused. And when the crowd soared Barrabbas, an actual insurrectionist, it reeked of contradiction.

Btw Barabbas translates as ‘son of the Father.’
 
In Dan 8 it is originally a 'rebellion that desolates' in v13. Later in that chapter, it is a person, and the person is superlatively evil. In ch 9 that person (from 8) is influencing the city in 490 years from the decree to return and ruins the city and temple. Messiah also comes at the same time and accomplishes redemption for the people of God.

In the Thess. letters, Paul is reminding them that he would come but that God would be victorious over him.

The fact that Jesus references ch 9 in Mt 24 etc is the best proof that the Mt 24A material is about that critical generation of Israel.
Very true, it is talking basically of the same thing and timeline. You see the Ram in verse 4, this is the empire Medo-Persia. This lines up with Daniel 7, in which you have the kingdom that Daniel was in as the starting timeline, Babylon which is the lion with eagle's wings, then Medo-Persia which is the bear that is raised up on one side here in Daniel 7. In Daniel 8, you have the Ram as the Medo-Persia empire that expands toward the west, north, and south, conquering other powers.

The he-goat Daniel 8 represents Greece, and the first horn is Alexander the Great. Notice in verse 5 of Daniel 8 the, "he goat came from the west on the face of the whole earth, and touched not the ground: and the goat had a notable horn between his eyes". So Greece under Alexander came with tremendous speed, the “without touching the ground” aspect, and he comes from the west and defeats the Medes and Persians, You can compare with the leopard with four wings in Daniel 7, as the same in the timeline. Then 323 BC, at the age of thirty-three and at the peak of his power and success, Alexander died. You see this in verse 8 of Daniel 8, "and when he was strong, the great horn was broken; and for it came up four notable ones toward the four winds of heaven." His generals divided the empire among themselves, you see the same in Daniel 7 with the four heads of the leopard. The four kings were Ptolemy, Cassander, Lysimachus, and Seleucus.

Next comes the ascendancy of Rome, and we see it in Daniel 7 as the fourth beast in the timeline, "7 After this I saw in the night visions, and behold a fourth beast, dreadful and terrible, and strong exceedingly; and it had great iron teeth: it devoured and brake in pieces, and stamped the residue with the feet of it: and it was diverse from all the beasts that were before it; and it had ten horns. 8 I considered the horns, and, behold, there came up among them another little horn, before whom there were three of the first horns plucked up by the roots: and, behold, in this horn were eyes like the eyes of man, and a mouth speaking great things."

Compare Daniel 8 speaking of this same kingdom. "
9 And out of one of them came forth a little horn, which waxed exceeding great, toward the south, and toward the east, and toward the pleasant land. 10 And it waxed great, even to the host of heaven; and it cast down some of the host and of the stars to the ground, and stamped upon them."

Here is a good sermon on it you can check out... Downey Adventist Church sermon. series: "Daniel: Standing Firm with God" sermon: Daniel 8: The Ram and the Goat
 
Very true, it is talking basically of the same thing and timeline. You see the Ram in verse 4, this is the empire Medo-Persia. This lines up with Daniel 7, in which you have the kingdom that Daniel was in as the starting timeline, Babylon which is the lion with eagle's wings, then Medo-Persia which is the bear that is raised up on one side here in Daniel 7. In Daniel 8, you have the Ram as the Medo-Persia empire that expands toward the west, north, and south, conquering other powers.

The he-goat Daniel 8 represents Greece, and the first horn is Alexander the Great. Notice in verse 5 of Daniel 8 the, "he goat came from the west on the face of the whole earth, and touched not the ground: and the goat had a notable horn between his eyes". So Greece under Alexander came with tremendous speed, the “without touching the ground” aspect, and he comes from the west and defeats the Medes and Persians, You can compare with the leopard with four wings in Daniel 7, as the same in the timeline. Then 323 BC, at the age of thirty-three and at the peak of his power and success, Alexander died. You see this in verse 8 of Daniel 8, "and when he was strong, the great horn was broken; and for it came up four notable ones toward the four winds of heaven." His generals divided the empire among themselves, you see the same in Daniel 7 with the four heads of the leopard. The four kings were Ptolemy, Cassander, Lysimachus, and Seleucus.

Next comes the ascendancy of Rome, and we see it in Daniel 7 as the fourth beast in the timeline, "7 After this I saw in the night visions, and behold a fourth beast, dreadful and terrible, and strong exceedingly; and it had great iron teeth: it devoured and brake in pieces, and stamped the residue with the feet of it: and it was diverse from all the beasts that were before it; and it had ten horns. 8 I considered the horns, and, behold, there came up among them another little horn, before whom there were three of the first horns plucked up by the roots: and, behold, in this horn were eyes like the eyes of man, and a mouth speaking great things."

Compare Daniel 8 speaking of this same kingdom. "
9 And out of one of them came forth a little horn, which waxed exceeding great, toward the south, and toward the east, and toward the pleasant land. 10 And it waxed great, even to the host of heaven; and it cast down some of the host and of the stars to the ground, and stamped upon them."

Here is a good sermon on it you can check out... Downey Adventist Church sermon. series: "Daniel: Standing Firm with God" sermon: Daniel 8: The Ram and the Goat

One of my supports for the 'rebellion that desolates' is a remark by Josephus; he knew that a rebellious figure would arise and ruin the country. There may be an internecine meaning here, too; that since Josephus was a priest-military officer, there was a disdain for the rebellious because they might make a mess of a revolt that the military was trying to prevent.
 
AOD simply means disgusting devastation. The Mideastern anti-Christ will use nuclear terrorism to eradicate Isreal and Iran is likely the whore of Babylon.
 
AOD simply means disgusting devastation. The Mideastern anti-Christ will use nuclear terrorism to eradicate Isreal and Iran is likely the whore of Babylon.


The expressions are clearly about things in the 1st century; the only NT interp of Dan 9 is that the person would show in that temple and lead rebellion that those believers should flee from.

AOD is originally the personification of the rebellion that desolates, Dan 8:13, which was the simmering rebellion from the Augustine census through until the Roman attack on temple funds, and two cases are mentioned in Acts 5 and another in Acts 21 (the mistaken identity of Paul).

It is totally unclear if there is any predictive value to any of these things for our times.

The end of the world is a very quick event in which the wrath is revealed, all are judged/processed, and those who believe enjoy His presence in a way that is hardly corporeal.
 
We see this verse in Daniel 9:27 (KJV)

"27 And he shall confirm the covenant with many for one week: and in the midst of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease, and for the overspreading of abominations he shall make it desolate, even until the consummation, and that determined shall be poured upon the desolate."

Christ refers to it in Matthew 24:15(KJV)

"15 When ye therefore shall see the abomination of desolation, spoken of by Daniel the prophet, stand in the holy place, (whoso readeth, let him understand:"

The Jewish Rabbis have pushed the view that it was when in 167 B.C. a Greek ruler by the name of Antiochus Epiphanies set up an altar to Zeus over the altar of burnt offerings in the Jewish temple in Jerusalem. He also sacrificed a pig on the altar in the Temple in Jerusalem.

But it doesn't fit, as Jesus declared it looking forward in time, so was it the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 AD. And will it be a event on the sacred ground of Jerusalem into what is truly an “abomination.” So what is the abomination of desolation.
It fits in perfectly with the prophecy about Epiphanes, and he did exactly what the prophecy states. However, you are correct in that it does not speak to the 70 weeks, or Matthew 24. It is a parallel passage. If you consider the prophecy for Epiphanes, and run it alongside the 70 weeks and what Jesus says in Matthew 24, it fits.

29 “At the appointed time he will return and come into the South, but [ak]this last time it will not turn out the way it did before. 30 For ships of [al]Kittim will come against him; therefore he will withdraw in fear and will return and curse the holy covenant and take action; so he will come back and pay attention to those who abandon the holy covenant. 31 Forces from him will arise, desecrate the sanctuary fortress, and do away with the regular sacrifice. And they will set up the abomination [am]of desolation. 32 And by smooth words he will [an]turn to godlessness those who act wickedly toward the covenant, but the people who know their God will be strong and take action. 33 And [ao]those who have insight among the people will give understanding to the many; yet they will fall by sword and by flame, by captivity and by plunder for many days. 34 Now when they fall they will be granted a little help, and many will join with them in hypocrisy. 35 And some of [ap]those who have insight will fall, to refine, purge, and [aq]cleanse them until the end time; because it is still to come at the appointed time.

36 “Then the king will do as he pleases, and he will exalt himself and boast against every god and will speak [ar]dreadful things against the God of gods; and he will be successful until the indignation is finished, because that which is determined will be done. 37 And he will show no regard for the [as]gods of his fathers or for the [at]desire of women, nor will he show regard for any other god; for he will boast against them all. 38 But [au]instead he will honor a god of fortresses, a god whom his fathers did not know; he will honor him with gold, silver, precious stones, and treasures. 39 And he will take action against the strongest of fortresses with the help of a foreign god; he will give great honor to [av]those who acknowledge him and will make them rulers over the many, and will parcel out land for a price."

Notice how this can be lined up with the abomination of desolation to come.

As for the 70 weeks abomination of desolation... the word for wing in Hebrew is kanaph, which means "extremity" or "wing". At times it refers to spreading influence and the pinnacle of the temple. The overspreading influence will be in the Temple compound upon the pinnacle of the Temple itself. The Hebrew term for "abomination", shikbutz, means "detested thing" and refers to an image or idol. This means that an image of the antichrist will be set up on the pinnacle of the temple. At that moment he will proclaim to be God. He will "come upon the wing of abominations, meaning upon the overspreading influence of idol worship. Then he will make desolate, meaning that he will cause unprecedented persecutions to fall upon the Jewish people. (paraphrased from a commentary of the book of Daniel by Arnold G. Fruchtenbaum. He notes that even the Jewish religious leaders knew that the abomination would be an idol.
 
It was the "type" or initial fulfillment. The second or "antitype" fulfillment which Christ also speaks to, is the answer to the question asked by the disciples with regard to the second coming at the end time. So what is the end time fulfillment, its much like the one in 70 AD, a desecration of what God makes sacred and holy.
I believe the end time fulfillment is 2 Thess 2:3-4

3 Let no man deceive you by any means: for that day shall not come, except there come a falling away first, and that man of sin be revealed, the son of perdition;

4 Who opposeth and exalteth himself above all that is called God, or that is worshipped; so that he as God sitteth in the temple of God, shewing himself that he is God.

What is known as Christendom, supposedly the Temple of God, becomes overrun with man exalting, Christ dishonoring religions, emphasizing the freewill of man, or works salvation, synergism etc opposing the God Honoring, Christ honoring doctrines which show forth Salvation is all of God
 
We see this verse in Daniel 9:27 (KJV)

"27 And he shall confirm the covenant with many for one week: and in the midst of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease, and for the overspreading of abominations he shall make it desolate, even until the consummation, and that determined shall be poured upon the desolate."

Christ refers to it in Matthew 24:15(KJV)

"15 When ye therefore shall see the abomination of desolation, spoken of by Daniel the prophet, stand in the holy place, (whoso readeth, let him understand:"

The Jewish Rabbis have pushed the view that it was when in 167 B.C. a Greek ruler by the name of Antiochus Epiphanies set up an altar to Zeus over the altar of burnt offerings in the Jewish temple in Jerusalem. He also sacrificed a pig on the altar in the Temple in Jerusalem.

But it doesn't fit, as Jesus declared it looking forward in time, so was it the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 AD. And will it be a event on the sacred ground of Jerusalem into what is truly an “abomination.” So what is the abomination of desolation.
Lets start with Matthew 24..

"15 When ye therefore shall see the abomination of desolation, spoken of by Daniel the prophet, stand in the holy place, (whoso readeth, let him understand:16 Then let them which be in Judaea flee into the mountains:17 Let him which is on the housetop not come down to take any thing out of his house:18 Neither let him which is in the field return back to take his clothes.19 And woe unto them that are with child, and to them that give suck in those days!20 But pray ye that your flight be not in the winter, neither on the sabbath day:21 For then shall be great tribulation, such as was not since the beginning of the world to this time, no, nor ever shall be" (Matthew 24: 15-21).

When Jesus put the words “when you see the ‘abomination of desolation’” with “flee to the mountains,” he speaks of a coming terrible event, and we see it when Jerusalem is taken by the Romans in AD 70. But Jesus was also speaking of the time of the end, as there were two questions. The disciples actually asked a question pertaining to the temple and also to the end times. Notice..

Question 1:...“When will these things be, Question 2:... and what will be the sign of your coming and of the close of the age?” (Matthew 24:3).

So there are two fulfillments of the "abomination of desolation", the first was the literal siege of Jerusalem which began in 68 A.D. and the armies of Rome temporarily abandoned that siege, signaling Christians to flee the city. When the armies of Rome returned in 70 A.D., the temple was burned and Jerusalem destroyed, but the Christians had fled so none of them perished in the second Roman siege. This was the desolation referred to in Luke 21:20-21..
"20 And when ye shall see Jerusalem compassed with armies, then know that the desolation thereof is nigh.
21Then let them which are in Judaea flee to the mountains; and let them which are in the midst of it depart out; and let not them that are in the countries enter thereinto."(Luke 21:20-21).

It was the "type" or initial fulfillment. The second or "antitype" fulfillment which Christ also speaks to, is the answer to the question asked by the disciples with regard to the second coming at the end time. So what is the end time fulfillment, its much like the one in 70 AD, a desecration of what God makes sacred and holy.
There is something that is sacred and holy and if what is common and of another origin is forced upon Gods people by the Antichrist power, we shall see the fulfillment of the "abomination of desolation" of the end time

Genesis 2:1-3
Thus the heavens and the earth were finished, and all the host of them.
2 And on the seventh day God ended his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.
3 And God blessed the seventh day, and sanctified it: because that in it he had rested from all his work which God created and made.

Christ shows us what is meant by the prophecy of the end time in Daniel 11:31

Daniel 11:31
And arms shall stand on his part, and they shall pollute the sanctuary of strength, and shall take away the daily sacrifice, and they shall place the abomination that maketh desolate.
Christ told the Jews back then that by turning aside from the sacred matters God had given them they were leading to what would leave them desolate. This shows its tied to His law which is central to worship and the relationship between God and His people, then the detestable introduction of abomination would leave them desolate.

Matthew 23:23-38......................

Jesus warned of what was to come in His rebukes to the religious leaders, because they had persistently led the people away from God to the point of rejecting God. He told them of this coming judgment when He says “Behold, your house is left unto you desolate.”
I was just going through this matter of the AoD with a Dispensational Premillennialist. It's important to consider Mark 13 and Luke 21 because those texts add to the New Testament commentary on Danial's abomination of desolation. That content is important. It is my common practice to ask one question whenever any prophecy from the Old Testament is broached.

What does the New Testament say about that text?

That question is usually met with shoulder shrugs. Corollaries to that question are,

When does the Old Testament say that prophecy will occur (what are the timestamps or temporal markers, or the audience affiliations stipulated by the text)?
What does the epistolary in particular say about that OT text (because the epistolary is post-Calvary and post-Pentecost expository explanation)?

And, again, the response is usually "I don't know" or even "It doesn't," which is particularly alarming because the NT often has decisive things to say about OT prophecies. It is completely inappropriate to post positions on OT prophecy without having examined the NT.

The first fact neglected in these multiple opening posts is the fact Jesus told the disciples who had asked the question of Matthew 24:3 They would see the events he then described. When Jesus states, "Therefore, when you see the abomination of desolation spoken of by the prophet Daniel, standing in the holy place..." that "you" is the guys asking the question. It is NOT people living in centuries later and most definitely not people living two millennia later. Every mention of the word "you" is an audience identifier and every audience identifier in the entire chapter is the disciples to whom Jesus is speaking that evening in the first century when they were sitting on the Mount of Olives overlooking the temple Jesus had just earlier in that day stated would be destroyed. The "these things" of disciples' question, "When will these things happen....? "is a reference to the things they'd heard Jesus say earlier that day (Matthew 21:18-Matthew 24:2), particularly the things he'd said to the Pharisees about their judgment and his informing the disciples the temple would be flattened.

Matthew 24 states the AoD will happen in the "holy place" (hagio topo), and most Christians construe that to mean the Holy of Holies inner court of the temple but there are at least a half dozen places in the Bible God calls holy (which means separate). Still, the temple fits with the context. Mark 13 states,

Mark 13:14
Now when you see the abomination of desolation standing where it should not be — let the reader understand—then those who are in Judea must flee to the mountains.

Therefore, the AoD occurs either in Judea or in a location affecting those living in Judea. Luke adds the following,

Luke 21:20-22
But when you see Jerusalem surrounded by armies, then recognize that her desolation is near. Then those who are in Judea must flee to the mountains, and those who are inside the city must leave, and those who are in the country must not enter the city; because these are days of punishment, so that all things which have been written will be fulfilled.

The desolation is correlated to Jerusalem being surrounded by armies. Put the three texts together and the AoD occurs in a holy place (most likely the temple, in Judea, shortly after armies surround Jerusalem, and the disciple would see it.


DO NOT NEGLECT THE FACT JESUS EXPLICITLY STATED THE DISCIPLES TO WHOM HE WAS TALKING WOULD SEE IT.


Therefore, whatever the abomination of desolation was, it happened during the lives of the disciples in attendance when Jesus answered the question they asked. I've got to go but I will return to explain the most likely answer to the question "What is the abomination of desolation?" because it has nothing to do with the seventh day sabbath. For now, I recommend interested readers to do a quick word search of "abomination" and "desolation" to see how God used those words throughout scripture. God established the context long before Daniel mentioned the phrase, Jesus explained it, and history manifested it.
 
I was just going through this matter of the AoD with a Dispensational Premillennialist. It's important to consider Mark 13 and Luke 21 because those texts add to the New Testament commentary on Danial's abomination of desolation. That content is important. It is my common practice to ask one question whenever any prophecy from the Old Testament is broached.
Luke doesn't actually add anything, as he doesn't mention the AoD at all. It appears to be a completely different situation. One must consider that the questions that Matthew and Mark recorded are not the same as for Luke. Matthew and Mark had an eschatological bent. Luke dealt with AD 70, right down to Jesus not coming back afterwards, but instead, the great diaspora of the Jews who were either put to the sword, or exiled to the nations of the world. Matthew and Mark do not speak to this. Also Matthew does not mention the destruction of Jerusalem or the temple. Only Luke does. And Luke ties all of it into the "times of the Gentiles". What are these "times of the Gentiles"? The time from nebuchadnezzar unto the Messiah and the Messianic kingdom, which will bring a complete end to the times of the Gentiles, if one reads Daniel 2.

The Bible is written from a Jewish perspective. If you do not consider it from a Jewish perspective, you are going to miss a lot. For instance, the book of Hebrews. Why was it written? One important point is that it was written to Hebrews/Jews who were considering going back to Judaism to avoid persecution. Then, once the persecution ended, they would go back to being Christians. This is one of the reason, or perhaps the reason (I haven't started my study on it yet) that Hebrews was written. To fight against that stance.
What does the New Testament say about that text?
What does the Old testament say about the text? How else is it to be elucidated? You would be surprised just how much Old Testament prophecy is involved. Kind of an either or. Either God lied, and the Old Testament prophecy doesn't mean anything, or God didn't lie, and it must be considered, as it will happen as written.
That question is usually met with shoulder shrugs. Corollaries to that question are,

When does the Old Testament say that prophecy will occur (what are the timestamps or temporal markers, or the audience affiliations stipulated by the text)?
What does the epistolary in particular say about that OT text (because the epistolary is post-Calvary and post-Pentecost expository explanation)?
Again the Old Testament is very important in understanding the New Testament. So is the history.
And, again, the response is usually "I don't know" or even "It doesn't," which is particularly alarming because the NT often has decisive things to say about OT prophecies. It is completely inappropriate to post positions on OT prophecy without having examined the NT.
No it is not. It is completely inappropriate to look at the New Testament without the Old. How else would you know that when it ways the beast came out of the sea, that in prophecy (OT type) that that speaks to coming out of the Gentile population? Or that when it says the end will come with a flood, that flood, in prophecy (OT type) means military conquest? Or how to understand that when it says that where the body is the eagles will gather, that eagles is also translated as vultures, and that in prophecy that stands for Gentiles. It is a prophecy of the end where the body is Israel, and the eagles/vultures are Gentiles coming in to destroy Israel. There is a lot that is missed if one does not consider the context as a whole.
The first fact neglected in these multiple opening posts is the fact Jesus told the disciples who had asked the question of Matthew 24:3 They would see the events he then described. When Jesus states, "Therefore, when you see the abomination of desolation spoken of by the prophet Daniel, standing in the holy place..." that "you" is the guys asking the question. It is NOT people living in centuries later and most definitely not people living two millennia later. Every mention of the word "you" is an audience identifier and every audience identifier in the entire chapter is the disciples to whom Jesus is speaking that evening in the first century when they were sitting on the Mount of Olives overlooking the temple Jesus had just earlier in that day stated would be destroyed. The "these things" of disciples' question, "When will these things happen....? "is a reference to the things they'd heard Jesus say earlier that day (Matthew 21:18-Matthew 24:2), particularly the things he'd said to the Pharisees about their judgment and his informing the disciples the temple would be flattened.
You have to understand. The disciples would NEVER see the abomination of desolation. Why not? Well, everyone wants to say that that was AD 70. However, even Jospehus is clear. There was not one single believer in Jerusalem in AD 70. They fled shortly after AD 66. Why? The Romans came up against the city (surrounded the city) in 66 AD. And it was such that no one could escape. However, some event happened, and the Roman armies withdrew for a time, before coming back in 70 AD. During this time, every last believer in the Messiah left Jerusalem, and Jospehus says this is because they listened to Jesus. (He didn't say Jesus, but one knows who he meant.) So it is a general you. The disciples passed the information on, which is why the believers in Jerusalem knew to flee. Also, given what the abomination of desolation is, it didn't happen in AD 70. The temple was destroyed instead. Titus WANTED to do it, but, unfortunately there was an accident, so they destroyed the temple. (I'm not sure whose history it was, but they said that some errant arrows (fire arrows) set fire to the city/temple, and so the Romans ended up destroying it.) They tried to put it out, but there was no water in Jerusalem. It's as though God planned this all out, perhaps as judgment for the religious leaders blasphemy of the Holy Spirit, that would not be forgiven of that generation. (The generation of those who rejected the Messiah.)

For instance, when Jesus said "forgive them for they know not what they do", He was only talking about the Roman soldiers, who were just doing their job. He was not forgiving the Jewish people of "that generation". One must always speak of that generation, because there are those Jews who believed in Yeshua Messiah, and are not a part of "that generation".
Matthew 24 states the AoD will happen in the "holy place" (hagio topo), and most Christians construe that to mean the Holy of Holies inner court of the temple but there are at least a half dozen places in the Bible God calls holy (which means separate). Still, the temple fits with the context. Mark 13 states,
The best way to understand Daniel's prophecy from a Jewish perspective, and Jewish understanding of the Hebrew language, is that the abomination will be on the pinnacle of the temple. So not in the holy of holies. However, the one who brings the idol and places said idol on the pinnacle of the temple will stand in the holiest place and declare themselves to be God. (See Daniel's prophecies for more details.)
Mark 13:14
Now when you see the abomination of desolation standing where it should not be — let the reader understand—then those who are in Judea must flee to the mountains.
This sounds like whatever brings the abomination of desolation is living amongst them... in peace. And then, one day, boom, abomination of desolation set up. Time to run. (I believe the prophecy in Daniel about Epiphanes runs parallel to what this future abomination of desolation will be like.) For instance, Epiphanes attacked Israel, violating some treaty. He ended the oblation and sacrifices. He set up a statue of Zeus (that had his face on it) in the holy place. He had pigs sacrificed to the idol inside of the temple.
Therefore, the AoD occurs either in Judea or in a location affecting those living in Judea. Luke adds the following,
The AoD is in Jerusalem, on the pinnacle of the temple. (Which is kind of difficult to do after the temple has been destroyed.)
Luke 21:20-22
But when you see Jerusalem surrounded by armies, then recognize that her desolation is near. Then those who are in Judea must flee to the mountains, and those who are inside the city must leave, and those who are in the country must not enter the city; because these are days of punishment, so that all things which have been written will be fulfilled.
Luke 21 is speaking to the judgment God brought upon Israel (Jerusalem/temple) for the rejection of the Messiah, as presented by the religious leaders blaspheming the Holy Spirit. This was a special sin. It was NOT an individual sin, but a national sin. And God's response, that thing that would never be forgiven, was AD 70. Jerusalem and the temple destroyed. Consider the very first thing God told Daniel would happen as soon as the 70 sets of 7 (years) ended. The end of the trespass. Just what does that mean? Trespass is a VERY STRONG word. It is also singular. One trespass that Israel has against God will end when the 70th week ends. That trespass is the rejection of the Messiah. So, one mark that the 70th week has ended is that all of Israel will repent and receive/accept the Messiah. Has that happened yet? The sins one speaks to daily sins, and the reconciliation basically speaks to the ending of the sin nature. So, no more daily sins in Israel, and no more sin nature. [I got this from an explanation by a Jewish person, so it isn't my take. They went by the Hebrew language Daniel was writing in.]
The desolation is correlated to Jerusalem being surrounded by armies. Put the three texts together and the AoD occurs in a holy place (most likely the temple, in Judea, shortly after armies surround Jerusalem, and the disciple would see it.
There is no correlation. If you want correlation, it is correlated to the person who makes the treaty with the many, violating said treaty and invading/attacking the city as Epiphanes did.
DO NOT NEGLECT THE FACT JESUS EXPLICITLY STATED THE DISCIPLES TO WHOM HE WAS TALKING WOULD SEE IT.
Jesus was using a general you.
Therefore, whatever the abomination of desolation was, it happened during the lives of the disciples in attendance when Jesus answered the question they asked. I've got to go but I will return to explain the most likely answer to the question "What is the abomination of desolation?" because it has nothing to do with the seventh day sabbath. For now, I recommend interested readers to do a quick word search of "abomination" and "desolation" to see how God used those words throughout scripture. God established the context long before Daniel mentioned the phrase, Jesus explained it, and history manifested it.
The abomination, given all the prophecies that speak to this in the Bible, is an idol. Given what Jesus said, this idol is in a place that it should not be. On or in the temple. Given the translation of Daniel and explanation by a Jewish person, it is on the pinnacle of the temple. And desolation speaks to idol worship. There is a lot of background that says one really needs to get a Jewish view of the Bible, considering the audience of MOST of the Bible were Jewish.
 
Luke doesn't actually add anything, as he doesn't mention the AoD at all.
Luke does add something and he doesn't mention the AoD.
It appears to be a completely different situation.
It may be a different occasion but the particulars of the commentary, beginning with the question to be answered, "Teacher, when therefore will these things happen? And what will be the sign when these things are about to take place?" is nearly identical. Jesus did not give different answers to the same question just because he was standing on a different parcel of land.
One must consider that the questions that Matthew and Mark recorded are not the same as for Luke.
Except they are.
Matthew and Mark had an eschatological bent. Luke dealt with AD 70....
Which would make Luke eschatological.
The Bible is written from a Jewish perspective.
No, the Bible was written from the Divine perspective.
If you do not consider it from a Jewish perspective, you are going to miss a lot.
I did consider it. I have expounded on Matthew 24 many times in many posts in many forums. HERE is one example. The event of Matthew 24 itself (the leaving of the temple and traversing the saddle to the Mount of Olives, the question asked and answered are simply events that occurred in a single day that began in Mathhew 21 at verse 18 and continued on through Matthew 26:5. Those five chapters cover one day. It is, therefore, always inappropriate to pick out one paragraph and treat it as if it does not have any correlation with everything else that happened that day. There's a reason Matthew took so much time to report on the events of that day and there is a reason Mark and Matthew saw fit to repeat that content (even if they have Jesus' words occurring at different events. Luke's paring Jesus answer to the question, "When will these things happen?" is still the day after Jesus entered Jerusalem (see Luke 19). Jesus did a lot of stuff that day. It was a very busy day,

It was a day rooted in a plethora of Old Testament precedents and contexts.

It's you who has not considered the "Jewish perspective" correctly. Jesus' cleaning out the temple is straight out of Leviticus 14:33-57. Every Jew in that city would have understood what Jesus was doing the minute he declared the temple a den of thieves, and those that didn't understand would have done so when the news of Jesus indicting the Pharisees made the rounds. That is the "Jewish perspective." I'm pretty sure I have told you many times the Jews mucked a bunch of stuff up so they cannot be relied upon to properly understand scripture. Discernment has to be used. Discernment has to be used to properly sort out what the Jews correctly understood and what they perverted. Using an example of perverted "Jewish perspective" to render scripture leads to more perversion, not truth. This poses enormous problems for Dispensational Premillennialists/modern futurists because they Judaize nearly everything.

The Jews mucked up the priesthood. The Jews mucked up the monarchy. The Jews mucked up the Messiah. The Jews mucked up the temple,, the throne, the kingdom, and a pile of other divine revelation. Using Jewish muck-ups to understand scripture leads to falsehoods, not truth.
For instance, the book of Hebrews. Why was it written? One important point is that it was written to Hebrews/Jews who were considering going back to Judaism to avoid persecution..................
The problem here is that you've just left the op.

Yes, the book of Hebrews was written to address concerns among Jewish converts to The Way of The Messiah, or The Way of Jesus, which at the time of Acts 24, was a sect within Judaism. By the time the book of Hebrews was written, however, followers of The Way had become known as "little christs," or Christians. The title of the book, Hebrews, is a title given to the book long after it was written. The author of that book is not the one who called it "Hebrews." The book is called Hebrews because it addresses concerns of Hebrew converts, not Jewish ones. When the whole of scripture is consulted you will find the word "Hebrew" and the word "Jew" are not synonymous.

More importantly, the entire content of the book of Hebrews is proof of what I stated above: Jews mucked up God's revelation. We don't need the book of Hebrews to understand that because all four gospels is a testimony to how badly the Jews (and Judaism) mucked up God's words. Jesus repeatedly corrects Judaism and rabbinical teaching. Every time we read Jesus saying, "You have heard it said X , but I say, (and he ten corrects their error) , that is an example of Jesus correcting a muck-up by the Jews.

As Jesus approached Jerusalem his parables moved away from soteriology to eschatology. They moved away from salvation to judgment. Over the course of the day that is recorded between Matthew 21:18 - 26:5 (and Mark 11:27 - 13:37 and Luke 19:47 - 21:38) Jesus is constantly quoting from, citing, referencing, and alluding to Old Testament content....... or what you would call the "Jewish perspective." The problem is Jesus is near-constantly correcting their Jewish perspective and, therefore, yours, too. The cleansing of the temple is rooted in the Levitical Law. The mention of the fig tree is rooted in several of the Old Testament prophets (and the judgment of Israel). Jesus response to the challenge of his authority is rooted in the psalms and Isaiah. The parable of the two sons is rooted in Ezekiel and Hosea. The parable of the landowner is straight out of Isaiah 5 &28, Daniel 2, and Psalm 118. Every single step of the way the Jews in Jesus' audience would have recognized all those OT references.

Matthew 21:45
When the chief priests and the Pharisees heard His parables, they understood that He was speaking about them.

Jesus was speaking about them. In other words, Jesus was NOT speaking about people living thousands of years later. ALL of those Old Testament references were brought to bear on the Jews, Jewish leaders, and mucked-up Judaism of the first century. Very little in first century Judaism was a correct rendering of God's original words. Jesus did not teach something entirely new. He taught something restored; restored to its original true meaning. I can walk you through all 11 chapters in Matthew, Mark, and Luke and show where the Old Testament references are, the references the Jews in his audience would have recognized, the references brought to bear on that one single solitary day, the day after Jesus entered Jerusalem. Two days later he'd be dead. Three days after that he be alive again. Everything said in that day, in all three gospels cited, in all 11 chapters, is eschatological.

All three gospels do comment on the abomination of desolation, and I have not couched my posts firmly in the context of God's whole revelation (Old and New) and the "Jewish perspective." The Jews of Jesus' day thought the temple was God's house. Jesus informed them of the truth. They had turned the temple into a den of thieves and God does not dwell in houses built by humans hands!!! The "Jewish perspective" was a mucked up. The Law required the den of thieves to be destroyed because after Jesus cleaned it out, the infestation of corruption returned. It didn't even take seven days. It too less than one. The rot inside was visible every time the Jewish leaders came to challenge Jesus. The rot was visible every time they cowered, every time they acquiesced to politics, every time they thought to kill Jesus, every time the Messiah stood right in front of them fulfilling messianic prophecy and they denied his position. They were the leprosy. They were the abomination. They had made Israel desolate..... and the Jews happily went along because long, long ago they'd become covenant breakers so chronically that God divorced them. All the everlasting promises of destruction found in God's covenants would be brought to bear on them. The entire land was desolate.

It was an abomination.

And things got worse. The Zealots captured Jerusalem for themselves and waged war against the Romans. They murdered the Jewish leaders, many of them within the inner courts of the temple, bathing its floor and walls in blood. They mocked God's words under the delusion they were they purists, they could usurp the priests and stand as Judge over God's people who were no longer God's people. They made modern-day Islamic jihadists look like amateurs. The Romans, who had been exceptionally tolerant with the Jews over the centuries, had enough. With everyone else the Romans either flattened the local temple or took it over for one of their gods, but in Jerusalem they were so impressed with its majesty that they permitted it to stand and stand as a Jewish temple. No more. Just as God had used other pagan armies in the past to judge Israel, He used Rome. Rome paid for mercenaries from nine different countries to form ten armies. They surrounded Jerusalem, laid seige to it, and over the course of seven years the destroyed nearly everything in Israel, including the temple in Jerusalem. The fires burned so profusely when Jerusalem was destroyed that the smoke blotted out the sun. The het was so intense the gold in which the temple was clad melted into the crevices between the stones. No mortar had been used to build the temple. Its stones were so finely hewn in disobedience of God's command never to hew stones when building an altar that they did not need mortar. That pride work of sinful flesh would be the undoing of the temple. Soldiers in that day got paid by the loot they could scavenge after a battle. The soldiers pried apart the stones, eventually commandeering plows from the countryside with which they tore up the foundation of the temple. Not one stone stood upon another. The only thing left was the retaining wall built by Herod.

Just as Adam and Eve's disobedience was further burdened by God, just as Pharoah's hard heart was hardened, just as God made deaf and blind the already blind and deaf, just as those who deny God's power are given over to their lusts, God completed the desolation the Jews had created.

Just do a word search for "desolation" in the Old Testament and see how often desolation is a promised by God.

Do a search for "abomination," too.

The AoD is not a person. It's not something or someone in our future, either.
 
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