I have a different view on this, the scriptures that talk about God foreknowing, mean to me God knew ahead of time that "people would believe", these ones he marked out. The Early Church when using the term foreknew, did not give it a deterministic meaning. Stating that those foreknown to be unrighteous could find repentance if they desired it. I have copied the following from my website quotes to support this.
Not made Wicked by God
We see the terms usage by Justin Martyr in the passages that follow, foreknow his text shows does not mean God made some wicked, he says that the wicked can seek repentance and find it. This is contry to the Calvanistic idea that "b. God predestines certain souls to salvation and, esp. in Calvinism, others to damnation" (
Collins 2023*W0). So predestination, or foreknowledge can not mean God assigns some to salvation and some to damnation.
Justin Martyr - Dialogue with Trypho
Chap. CXL. — In Christ All Are Free. The Jews Hope for Salvation in Vain Because They Are Sons of Abraham.
"...Furthermore, I have proved in what has preceded, that those who were
foreknown to be unrighteous, whether men or angels, are not made wicked by God’s fault, but each man by his own fault is what he will appear to be..." (
Rev. Dods 1867, Ch 122-End*E1)
Chap. CXLI. — Free-Will in Men and Angels.
"...But if the word of God foretells that some angels and men shall be certainly punished, it did so because
it foreknew that they would be unchangeably [wicked], but not because God had created them so. So that if they repent, all who wish for it can obtain mercy from God: and the Scripture foretells that they shall be blessed, saying, ‘Blessed is the man to whom the Lord imputeth not sin;’..." (
Rev. Dods 1867, Ch 122-End*E1)
Foreknown "were to believe in Him", and "to believe in Him"
Justin also uses the term Foreknown, with the phrase "foreknown to believe in him". There is a suggestion with the term "to believe", that God is looking forward to a time when He can see people will believe in Him; at the time before creation He knows there will be those who accept His ways.
Justin Martyr - Dialogue with Trypho
Chap. XLII. — The Bells on the Priest’s Robe Were a Figure of the Apostles.
"...all the other appointments of Moses I can demonstrate that they were types, and symbols, and declarations of those things which would happen to Christ,
of those who it was foreknown were to believe in Him, and of those things which would also be done by Christ Himself..." (
Rev. Dods 1867, Ch 36-52*E2)
Chap. LXX. — So also the Mysteries of Mithras Are Distorted from the Prophecies of Daniel and Isaiah.
"...And this prophecy proves that we shall behold this very King with glory; and the very terms of the prophecy declare loudly,
that the people foreknown to believe in Him were fore-known to pursue diligently the fear of the Lord..." (
Rev. Dods 1867, Ch 67-83*E3)